英語講義【142】動名詞與帶ing的名詞

動名詞就是帶“-ing”的動詞，具名詞功能。有些動名詞，用得久了， 漸漸失去動詞的作用，而轉化爲完整的名詞。例如：

　　1. That painting is very impressive.
　　2. Are you working in that building.

　　1.裡的“painting”和2.裡的“building”都是完整的名詞：“painting”約等於“picture”、“building”和“mansion”相似。

　　此外，有些轉化名詞具有動名詞沒有的特性。第一、有單複數；第二、有脩飾語，如beautiful painting、big buildings.

　　動名詞還保存著動詞某些特色，轉化爲完整的名詞之後，動名詞的性質和名詞相同。

　　動名詞有哪些動詞特色呢？

　　首先，可以有賓語，如：

　　3. Reading novels is a real joy.
　　4. Collecting stamps becomes a fashion.
　　5. We cannot help admiring such a kind-hearted person.
　　6. Not many people like giving public lectures.

　　“Novels, stamps, such a kind-hearted person, public lectures”各有自己的動名詞“reading, collecting, admiring, giving”。如果動名詞沒有動詞的功能，怎能有上述賓語呢？帶“-ing”的名詞就沒有這種語法功能。

　　其次，動名詞可以和動詞脩飾語連用， 而且還可以有被動語態。帶“-ing”的名詞，就不可能如此。

　　例如：

　　7. Reading silently is eveyone's habit.
　　8. Some pupils were warned against talking loudly.
　　9. Jason would not mind working with female colleagues.
　　10. Being selected Chairman of the party made him feel proud.
　　11. Tony does not like being laughed at.

　　7.－9.裡的動詞脩飾語都在脩飾前頭的動名詞；

　　10.－11.裡的動名詞都是被動語態。

　　最後，動名詞在多個動詞句型中出現，如下列的“go, come, get, set”等動詞就常和動名詞連用：

　　12. Noelle and her friends go swimming every week.
　　13. When do they usually go shopping?
　　14. Would you come skiing with the kids?
　　15. Isn't it time to get the plan going?
　　16. What sets them quarrelling from time to time?

　　此外，下列這些動詞也常和動名詞組成動詞句型：

　　17. The boy admitted stealing the book.
　　18. Don't forget handing in your homework in due course.
　　19. Would you mind taking me to the bus stop?
　　20. Jason cannot bear being cruel to the weak.
　　21. Nancy said that she regretted doing such a thing.
　　22. You must continue trying until you succeed.
　　23. Many young people enjoy watching sports and games.
　　24. Can't you avoid walking on my garden?
　　25. We all hate cheating, don't we?

　　綜上所述，動名詞和帶“-ing”的名詞雖然形式相同，但是特色有異，語法功能也跟著有所不同了。