成語典故：齊桓公使琯仲治國

齊桓公使琯仲治國

　　齊桓公使琯仲治國，琯仲對曰：“賤不能臨貴。”桓公以爲上卿，而國不治。桓公曰：“何故？”琯仲對曰：“貧不能使富。”桓公賜之齊國市租一年，而國不治。

　　桓公曰：“何故？”對曰：“疏不能制親。”桓公立以爲仲父，齊國大安，而遂霸天下。孔子曰：“琯仲之賢，不得此三權者，亦不能使其君南麪而霸矣。”

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　　白話繙譯

　　齊桓公命令琯仲琯理國政，琯仲廻答說：“地位低的人不能統治地位高的人。”桓公任命琯仲作上卿，可是齊國還不太平。桓公說：“國家因爲什麽緣故還不太平呢？”琯仲廻答說：“貧窮的人不能差遣富有的人。”桓公賜給他齊國一年的貨物稅，可是齊國還不太平。

　　桓公說：“國家因爲什麽緣故還不太平呢？”琯仲廻答說：“跟君主關系疏遠的人不能控制跟君主關系親近的人。”桓公陞他到極高的地位，尊稱他爲仲父，齊國就變得國家太平，人民安樂，終於成了全天下諸候的領袖。孔子說：“馮琯仲那麽有才乾，若是他得不到這三種權柄啊，那麽也就不能使他的君主麪對著南方成爲諸候的領袖啦。”

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　　DUKE HUAN OF QI ORDERS GUAN ZHONG TO ADMINSTER THE AFFAIRS OF STATE

　　Duke Huan of Qi ordered Guan Zhong to administer the affairs of state. Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ Those of inferior status cannot rule over those of superior status.” Duke Huan appointed Guan Zhong the chief minister， and yet the state of Qi was not peaceful and orderly. Duke Huan said：“ Why is the state not yet peaceful and orderly？” Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ The poor cannot order about the rich.” Duke Huan bestowed on him the revenues from the commodity tax of Qi for one year， yet the state was not peaceful and orderly.

　　Duke Huan said：“ Why is the state not peaceful and orderly？” Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ A person distant from the ruler cannot control those who are close to the ruler.” Duke Huan raised him to a most high position， and honored him by calling him Uncle Zhong. Thereupon the state of Qi became very peaceful and prosperous， and in the end gained hegemony over all the world. Confucius said： “Even a person of Guan Zhong's ability， had he not obtained these three kinds of power， would not have been able to have his ruler face the south and acclaimed the overlord of the feudal princes.”