白易禮：大學英語四級考試語法筆記38

I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.
　　要是你能同我們一起過寒假就好了。
　　We wish you would spend the winter vacation with us.
　　我要是沒有買這輛車就好了。
　　I wish I had not bought this car.
　　Now, it’s time for you to make three wishes about your present, future, and past..
　　I wish I were twenty years younger.
　　I wish I could work for an NGO.
　　I wish I had studied law in college.
　　注意：wish 與hope接賓語從句的區別在於：hope表示一般可以實現的希望，賓語從句用陳述語氣。Wish表示很難或不大可能實現的願望，賓語從句用虛擬語氣。請比較：
　　We hope we will succeed. (We don’t know if we will succeed.)
　　We wish we would succeed. (We know we can hardly succeed.)
　　2、用在as if/as though,或even if/even though引導的從句中: 這時，如果從句中表示的動作發生在過去，則謂語動詞用had 過去分詞形式;如果指的時現在的狀況，則用過去式(be用were);指將來則用would(should, could) 動詞原形。這裡衹看從句動作發生的時間，與主句的時態沒有關系。
　　For example:
　　Some metals look at first sight as though they were gold.
　　He looked as if he were an artist.
　　He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in the U.S.
　　He always sounds as if he would help you.
　　When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
　　Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.
　　看她的樣子，好像生病了。
　　She looks as if/though she were ill.
　　他走起路來就好像他是國王。
　　He walks as if he were a king.
　　他表現得若無其事。
　　He acted as if nothing had happened.
　　即使天塌下來，他也不會辤職。
　　He would not resign even if the heaven should collapse.
　　3、在It is (high) time (that)…句型中，後麪的從句的謂語動詞常用過去式(be的過去式用were), 或用should 動詞原形(should 不能省略)來表示。這句話的意思是“(現在)該…”。For example: 　　It is time we left/should leave.
　　It is high time that you got married.
　　It is time that I bought a car.
　　Now it is time that you made some sentences by using this pattern. Think about what you should do now.
　　該你用這個句型造幾個句子了。
　　It is high time that I should lose some weight.
　　It is time that I bought an apartment.
　　It is time that we took a rest.
　　4、在 I would rather (that)…句型中，後麪的從句的謂語動詞用過去式(be的過去式用were)。這句話的意思是“我甯可…”，表示說話人的意願。
　　For example:
　　I’d rather I were in the rain now.
　　I’d rather you did not tell him.
　　5、用在suppose開頭的祈使句中，從句的謂語動詞變化與as if後麪的動詞變化槼律相同，用過去式、過去完成式、或過去將來式。意思是“假如…”，但suppose 是動詞，不是連詞。如：
　　Suppose the boss walked in. What should I do?
　　Suppose Saddam had not been captured. What would the U.S. do?
　　Suppose Chen Shui-bian should declare Taiwan independent. What would China do?
　　6、用在for fear that或lest引導的從句中，表示“怕…”“萬一…”等意思。從句的謂語動詞用should 動詞原形，should 可以省略。如：
　　She closed the windows for fear that she (should) catch cold.
　　The officer forbade the use of artillery lest the city’s industry be damaged.
　　Lest the wall should collapse, they evacuated from the building.