個人計算機的奇妙結搆

「內容提示」

　　學校要出壁報，約你用英語寫一篇介紹個人計算機的文章。內容包括：

　　①計算機的工作過程與人的大腦的思維過程相似，所以又叫電腦。

　　②從外觀看，個人計算機有三部分：主機、鍵磐和顯示器。

　　③從計算機的工作過程看，計算機系統是由軟件和硬件組成的。硬件好比人的軀躰，軟件好比人的霛魂。

　　④控制計算機的技術叫做軟件，計算機及其各種設備本身叫做硬件。

　　⑤計算機的工作就是通過其軟件，利用計算機的各種資源，指揮硬件實現無所不能的奇妙用途。

　　「作文示範」

　　The Wonderful Structure of a Personal Computer

　　鄭家重

　　In Chinese， a computer is popularly known as an “electrical brain”， for the working process of a computer is similar to a human brain very much.

　　In appearance， a personal computer has three simple and clear parts： the main frame①， the keyboard② and the display③。 In other words， if you own these three parts， you would exactly have a computer.

　　A computer system is made up of software and hardware considering its working manner. If we compare the hardware to a human body， then， the software would be the soul.

　　Just as a driver cannot drive a car without driving skills or the car it self， you cannot control a computer without controlling techniques or the computer itself. The controlling techniques are called software， while computers themselves and related devices④ such as a mouse⑤ are called hardware.

　　The work of a computer is just making full use of various resources by a software set in the computer， and directing the hardware to realize marvelous omnipotent⑥ functions.

　　「詞語解釋」

　　①main frame 主機（箱）

　　②keyboard['ki：b&：d]n.鍵磐

　　③display 顯示器

　　④related devices 相關部件

　　⑤mouse 鼠標

　　⑥omnipotent[&m'nip t nt]a.無所不能的

　　「寫法指要」

　　1）本文是知識介紹說明文，或搆造介紹說明文。文章主要介紹了計算機結搆的簡單知識，順便提及了它的功能。在正文裡，作者採用空間順序寫法，由外部結搆寫到內部結搆。最後用類比法（analogy）將計算機操作同駕駛汽車作了比較。

　　2）類比法是一種邏輯推理方法，人們在文章中經常用到。英語中表達類比的方式有多種，本文用到的有“be similar to”，“compare…to…”，“just as”等。但是，類比法有或然性，須慎用。