2004年1月浙江省高等教育自學考試現代語言學試題

一、單項選擇題（在每小題的四個備選答案中，選出一個正確答案，竝將正確答案的序號填在題乾的括號內。每小題2 分，共20分）

　　1. English consonants can be classified into stops. fricatives， nasals ， etc. ，in terms of （）。

　　A. manner of articulation B. openness of mouth C. place of articulation D. voicing

　　2. The study of how words are combined to form sentences is called（）。

　　A. phonetics B. morphology C. syntax D. semantics

　　3. According to Chomsky，（） is the ideal user‘s internalized knowledge of his language. A. competence B. parole C. performance D. langue

　　4. “Sweets” and “candy” are used respectively in Britain in and America ， but refer to the same thing. The words are （） synonyms. A. collocational B. dialectal C. complete D. stylistic

　　5. Different meanings can be associated with one linguistic form ， but there is no basic meaning among them. This is known as （）。

　　A. homonymy B. hyponymy C. polysemy D. antonymy

　　6. “How fast did he drive when he ran the red light ？” （） “He ran the red light”。 A. entails B. contradicts C. presupposes D. includes

　　7. The word “lab” is formed through （）。

　　A. back formation B. blending C. clipping D. derivation

　　8. （） in the brain fulfills the function of speech production. A. Angular gyrus B. Broca‘s area C. The right hemisphere D. Wernicke’s area 9. When a child uses “mummy” to refer to any woman，most probably his “mummy” means （）。

　　A. Human B. Human Adult C. Human Adult - Male D. Human Adult - Male Parent

　　10. （） is not a suprasegmental feature. A. Aspiration B. Intonation C. Stress D. Tone

　　二、在下列空格中填上以給出字母開始的恰儅的單詞。（每空1 分，共16分）

　　1. D_________ is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things， free from barriers caused by separation in time and space. 2. S_________ study of language describes language at some point in time； d_________ study describes language as it changes through time. 3. N_________ transcription transcribes sounds with diacritics ， while b_________ transcription does not. 4. A sentence has a hierarchical structure and l_________ structure as well. 5. Unlike a sentence， the meaning of an u_________ is concrete and context-dependent. 6. Chinese belongs to S_________ language family ， while English belongs to I _________ language family. 7. R_________ are situational dialects appropriate for use in particular situations； i_________ is a personal dialect. 8. When a p_________ comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language and children learn it as their first language， it becomes c_________. 9. I_________ is the approximate linguistic system that a second language learner constructs ， which represents the learner‘s transitional competence in the target language. 10. A_________ is the learner’s process of adapting to the culture and value system of the target language community. 11. Words that have descended from a common source are c_________.三、判斷下列各題，正確的在題後括號內寫“T” ，錯誤的寫“F” 竝且加以改正。

　　（每小題2 分，共20分）

　　1. “ Beat” and “bit” are not a minimal pair.（）

　　2. Compounds are words created by combining two or more than two words. （）

　　3. Linguistic change occurs only in sound and lexical system， but not in syntax.（）

　　4. In a predication ， the argument is said to govern the predicate.（）

　　5. Modern English began with the Norman Conquest. （）

　　6. Bilingualism is a situation in which two different varieties of a language co-exist in a speech community.（）

　　7. The case of Genie suggests that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period.（）

　　8. Interference is the only source of errors in the second language acquisition.（ ）

　　9. When a plural form -s is added to a noun that ends with a vowel， it is pronounced as［z ］， due to assimilation. （）

　　10. In the sentence “The father beat the child” ， “the child” is both a structural and logical object. （）

　　四、名詞解釋，竝至少擧一例加以說明（每小題4 分，共24分）

　　1. duality 2. phoneme 3. complex sentence 4. reference 5. perlocutionary act 6. linguistic taboo 五、論述題（每小題10分，共20分）

　　1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice‘s Cooperative Principle：A ： Where’ve you been？

　　B ： Out. 2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains：specialize， indisputable ， individualistic， downfall ， unexceptionableness，ungentlemanliness （每個語素0. 5分）