白易禮：大學英語四級考試語法筆記34

(fact: You often go to bed late, so you are always sleepy in the morning.)
　　If this were the case, it would be very awkward.
　　(fact: This is not the case, so it is not awkward.)
　　Now let’s do some translation:
　　要是沒有虛擬語氣，英語就會容易多了。　　If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
　　如果我是你，我就在房屋周圍種些樹。
　　If I were you, I would (should) plant some trees around the house.
　　如果我把頭發染成藍色，人人都會笑話我。
　　If I dyed my hair blue, everybody would laugh at me. Or: I would (should) be laughed at by everybody.
　　要不是她這麽忙，她就會出蓆今天下午的會議了。
　　If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.
　　2、對過去的虛擬，表示與過去的事實相反的假設時，條件狀語從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時,主句的謂語動詞用would (should, could, might) 過去分詞。見下表：條件狀語從司的動詞形式
主句的動詞形式

If 主語 had 過去分詞
i(we)should have 過去分詞
主語 could (might,could) have ＋過去分詞

　　例句：　　If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.
　　(fact: You did not take my advice, so you have failed in the examination.)
　　I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s examination.
　　(fact: I did not have more time at yesterday’s exam, so I didn’t check my paper again.)
　　He would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in time. (fact: He didn’t see the doctor in time, so he has not recovered from his illness.)
　　If we had known that she was to arrive yesterday, we could have met her at the station.
　　(fact: We didn’t know that she was to arrive yesterday, so we could not meet her at the station.)
　　You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turn, you wouldn’t have got so tired.
　　(fact: We didn’t drive in turn, so you have got so tired.)
　　Now let’s do some translation:
　　要是有人警告過他，他就不會喫那個食物了。
　　If he had been warned, he would not have taken that food.
　　如果你服從命令的話，災難就不會發生了。
　　If you had obeyed the order, the disaster could not have happened.
　　假如你早接受了那個有經騐的老工人的意見，你的試騐就不會失敗了。
　　If you had taken the old experienced worker’s advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the experiment.
　　如果我知道你要來的話，我就去機場接你了。
　　If I had known that you were to arrive, I would have met you at the airport.
　　如果我的律師上周六在這裡，他就會阻止我去了。