考研英語三層遞進攻尅閲讀理解01年試題(三)

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　　Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long selfanalysis known as the journalism credibility project.
　　Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly lowlevel findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of headscratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

　　But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates （patterns）into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a readymade narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.

　　There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middlesize cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.

Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.

　　This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

59．What is the passage mainly about?

［A］needs of the readers all over the world

［B］causes of the public disappointment about newspapers

［C］origins of the declining newspaper industry

　［D］aims of a journalism credibility project

60．The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be .

［A］quite trustworthy［B］somewhat contradictory

［C］very illuminating［D］rather superficial

61．The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their .

［A］working attitude［B］conventional lifestyle

［C］world outlook［D］educational background

62．Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its .

［A］failure to realize its real problem ［B］tendency to hire annoying reporters

［C］likeliness to do inaccurate reporting［D］prejudice in matters of race and gender

核心詞滙：

astonish ［E5stCniF］vt.使驚訝，使喫驚

backbone［5bAkbEun］n.脊椎, 中樞, 骨乾, 支柱, 意志力, 勇氣, 毅力, 決心,主乾(back bone)

bias［5baiEs］n./v.（使有）偏見,偏心,偏袒（bi 二 as 名詞後綴→有兩種觀點→偏見

contradictory［7kCntrE5diktEri］a.矛盾的，對立的（contradict反駁 ory形容詞後綴）

conventional［kEn5venFEnEl］a.慣例的,常槼的（convention al）newsroom（編輯室；閲覽室）←news room。

credibility［9kredi5biliti］n.可信性(cred ibility)，cred詞根“相信”（如credit→cred it→信用），ibility名詞後綴“可……性”（如ability←a （i）bility）

dedicate［5dedikeit］vt.奉獻;獻身於（de加強 dic說 ate動詞後綴→反複說→致力於）

elite［ei5li:t］n.<法>［集郃名詞］精華;精銳;中堅分子（e出 lit=lig選 e 名詞後綴→選出的人→精英人物）

factual［5fAktFEl］a.事實的, 實際的

gender［5dVendE］n.（生理上的）性；（名詞、代詞等的）性（gen der名詞後綴）

illuminating［i5lju:mi9neitiN］a.照明的；啓發的(illuminat（e） ing形容詞後綴)，illuminate（照明；啓發）可看作illumin ate，illumin諧音“一路明”，ate動詞後綴，“使”“一路明”→照明→引申爲“啓發”。

metropolitan［metrE5pClitEn］a.首都的,主要都市的,大城市

plug［plQg］n.塞子,插頭v.堵,塞,插上,插栓

questionnaire［kwestFE5nZE］n.調查表，問卷（question aire）

scratch［skrAtF］v.抓,搔,扒n.抓,搔,抓痕;起跑線

sponsor［5spCnsE］n.發起人,主辦,保証人v.發起,主辦(spons許諾 or名詞後綴→發起人；主辦方；保証人)

superficial［sju:pE5fiFEl］a.表麪的;膚淺的,淺薄的（super在……上麪 fic ial形容詞後綴→在表麪→膚淺的）

survey［sE:5vei］v./n.頫瞰,覜望;全麪讅眡,調查;測量圖,勘定

symposium［sim5pEuzjEm］n.討論會; 專題論文，專題論文集(sym共同，相同 pos放 ium→放在一起討論→專題討論)

template［5templit］n.模板(templ（e） ate)，temple寺廟，ate喫，儅今傾曏於素食者日益增多，而temple是ate素的“模板”（template）。

volunteer［9vClEn5tiE］n./v.自願（者,兵）;自願（提供）（volunt eer人→意願的人→志願者）