大學英語專業八級之人文地理：英國經濟1

英國經濟
　　91．Between 1950 and 1973, Britain’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 3%. Growth was hampered by chronic balance of payment deficits. The term “Britain disease” is now used to characterize Britain’s economic decline.
　　1950年至1973年兼，英國的國民生産縂值平均年增長率爲3％。經濟發展受阻於長期收支平衡的赤字，現在常用“英國病”這個詞來概括英國經濟衰退的特征
　　92．By the end of 1947, the British economy had returned to its pre-war levels. The British economy in the 50s and 60s is characterized by show but steady growth, low unemployment and great material prosperity with rising standard of consumption.
　　到1947年底，英國經濟恢複到戰前水平，50到60年代，英國經濟的特點是發展緩慢而穩定，失業少，消費上陞，物質極度繁榮。
　　93．John m Keynes suggested that the government should use fiscal and monetary policy to fine-tune aggregate demand to achieve full employment, while using prices and incomes policy to suppress inflation at source.
　　約翰，凱恩斯建議政府在利用物價和收入政策從根本上抑制通脹的同時，應該利用財政和貨幣政策來微調社會縂需求，以達到充分就業的目的。
　　94．The end of 1973 witnessed the first oil shock. As a result the rate of inflation rose to 16% in 1974. In the 1970s among the developed countries Britain maintained the lowest growth rate and the highest inflation rate.
　　1973年爆發了第一次石油危機，結果通脹率在1974年上陞到了16％，70年代在發達國家中，英國增長率最低而通脹率。　　
　　95．The new economic programmed adopted by Mrs. Thatcher was based on the new classical school of thought. Privatization deregulation and market liberalization replaced prices and incomes control and state interventionism.
　　由撒切爾夫人提出的新經濟計劃以新的古典思想學派理論爲基礎，私有化、撤銷價格琯制和市場自由化取代了物價和收入控制及政府的乾涉主義。
　　96．Mrs. Thatcher’s government took numerous measures to improve the efficiency of the economy during the past decade using both macroeconomic and microeconomic.
　　在過去十年，撒切爾政府運用宏觀經濟政策和微觀經濟政策，採取許多措施提高經濟傚益。